A Built-On Trust is a Trust that Lasts a Lifetime Essay

When I was teenager, all guys who were the same as my age drove a car. They had their own cars where they can go from their homes to their schools. Naturally, I also had the same desire in wanting to drive a car. It was a natural thing to do, but my family denied me of the privilege to drive a car. I had no choice but to follow them, but still, the desire in that one simple action fueled in me. On the other hand, I did not want to be less than my friends because I have to respect my family’s opinion. One day, when my father came from work, I ran to him and greeted him.   He seemed tired from work, so I asked him for the car’s key so I can wash the car. I washed the surface of the car and then I started to also clean the inside. I sat on the driver seat while cleaning, but without meaning to and without ill intentions, I suddenly felt this chance would not come again. I just had this desire to do something, but I was scared at the same time. I put the key and I turned the engine on without moving the car approximately for just 10 minutes—listening for the engine sound and imitating how to drive. I was pretending to turn the signal or opening the window to talk to a friend, but all of that was just a daydream. After that, I felt it would be awesome if I could drive. I finished cleaning the car and I returned the key to my father. When I went to bed that night, I was thinking how I can get the key again. I should find a reason or an excuse to have the car keys again, so I thought of a plan. Sometimes, my father drops us off at school when he has time. So the next day, I left some stuff in my father’s car without him knowing it. When he came from work later that day, I went to him as usual and greeted him. I then said â€Å"Oh, father I think I left some of my stuff in the car, could you give me the key to check if they are there or not?† He gave it to me, and I was smiling from my heart until I felt the happiness show on my face. I opened the car. I turned the engine on, and there was no car in front or behind of my father’s car. A new idea formed in my mind saying â€Å"one step†; so I moved the car one step front and then one step back. I spent almost forty five minutes just like that. My young brother came and was looking for me because I spent such a long time for my stuff. I then turn off the car and my brother did not see me moving the car, but I thought he saw me. While we entered the home, I got sweaty and felt they were looking at me, but they did not say anything. My heart kept pumping until I went to my room. I looked at the mirror and I told myself: â€Å"I did it! I did it!† but my sister was there and she said â€Å"What was it that you did?† I then replied strongly: â€Å"Nothing! And do not ask anything when it is not your business.† I did that to give myself confidence and to make her confused. Human is human, and humans have always had attitude in wanting to change for the better or to want more things in life. When a child learns how to walk one step, he wants to learn how to walk in the second step. I too, am like that. I did not feel enough that it was enough in just moving the car with one step, because after one week, my father bought things for our home and he asked me to bring it to him. Instead of bringing them, I decided to ride the car two to five minutes around our home, but I was not sure if I could do it. One of my friends who is also my neighbor was looking at me and he said, â€Å"I know what you are going to do. You will just take one step front and one step back. If you are not ready to drive the car as a real man, do not waste the fuel.† I got angry because of this, and I told him to see that I can drive. I did not really mean it, but I was afraid that he would tease me in front my friends in the future. I drove the car in our suburb, and I drove slowly. When I went back to return my father’s car, our neighbor parked his car in my father’s place. I panicked and I told my friend to move their car or he if he can ask his father to do it. I was nervous and I didn’t want my father to go outside our home and see the car wasn’t in the right place. However, my friend moved their car, and I parked our car and I swore that I am not going to drive the car again because I don’t want to lose my father’s trust. Also, when I tell my father that I have already done school work or any important thing he wants me to do, I do it and I tell him that I have done it. For example, when he asks if I had done my home work and I tell him that I have done it, he would believe me, and I make it a point to do it so when he asks me again, I tell him that I have done it. I think it is important that we do no fail the expectations of our family because if we fail at it, we become irresponsible and they will note give the same trust that they have given us before. One day, I told my father that I was going to be late in school because we have a school project, but I really went somewhere else. When I went home and he asked me how was school, I told him that it was okay and that we were going to do a lot of things in the following days because there were many things we need to do for school. For the next following days, my family thinks that I am still in school or in the library when I am actually with my friends, playing basketball or some games. This continued on until one day, one of our neighbors saw me playing and he told my father why I was not home that time when they saw each other. My father was very angry because I was lying and I felt scared and sad that I lost his trust. So, I told him we were there because it was part of the school work and that basketball was needed to test some things for the information needed in the school work. My father did not believe me and said that he wants to see what it is that I was doing and asked that I show him the stuff needed for the school work. I was now more scared, but then, I remembered that I always took notes in my classes and showed it to him. My father was very happy when he saw that I was studying hard and was very serious with school. However, after that, I was thinking that I did not want to lie anymore because my family and father’s trust is so very much important to me. I would not want to lose it just because I was lying. I feel that the trust that my father and my whole family have given me is very important. When a person loses the trust of someone else, it is very hard to gain it again and restore that trust. That is why I find the value and importance of keeping my father’s trust. I think, like love, trust is very important because a person is able to prove himself to his family. In my case, if I break the trust of my father and it goes away, it would be very hard to earn it again, because I think, at the back of his mind, he would always be thinking that I might make a mistake again and break his trust. This is why it is very important for a person to make the trust of a family, something to be treasured. I want to say that I have difficulty speaking and writing in English, but because of hard work, I was able to improve step by step. However, it was never easy from the start. When I left for the United States, I was not sure if my family, especially my father, would agree if I can study abroad, but because I was able to keep his trust, I was allowed to go. It is very important that I keep on building his trust and never lose it because if I lose it and break his trust, how can he trust me to make heavier and more important decisions in my life? That is why the only thing that can make him happy and not lose his trust to me is if he sees that I am studying very hard and not doing anything else but trying very hard to make him and my family happy. It is very important to persevere and keep in mind that difficulties will arise and hinder me in fulfilling my dreams and making my family. For example, learning the language of English is very challenging and difficult. I used to just know a few words, and whenever I use it, I still have difficulties and people have a hard time understanding me, but because of my determination to study hard and not give up, I succeeded. I know that it can be very hard if a person would like to learn English and earn good grades, but I want to make my family happy and make them feel that I have not wasted anything by going to the United States and studying. If I can show them that I am working hard in making them happy and not doing anything that can make them feel that they should not trust me anymore, then I think they would not feel that they are wrong in trusting me, and they would continue to believe in me and my efforts and my abilities. It is very hard to keep the trust of a person, especially the trust of a family member, but if a person works hard, does not stray away from his goals, and keeps in mind that no matter what happens, he should make his father and his family happy and make them not lose their trust, I believe that things will turn okay and not get bad. Everything will work out because I have my father’s trust and I will not do anything to break that. I have promised my family that I will get good grades and I will do that. I will succeed and not fail them.

The Weather Underground

The 2008 U. S. presidential election brought the issue of domestic terrorism to national attention when it was reported that then-candidate Barack Obama was professionally linked to William â€Å"Bill† Ayers, co-founder of the Weather Underground. The Weather Underground was a militant faction of the Students for a Democratic Society (SDS), a national organization representing the New Left on college campuses. The American public was forced to confront the actions of the Weathermen, as they were known, and decide whether or not these former terrorists could be accepted as members of society.Although 60 percent of voters said that it was not a valid campaign issue in an ABC poll, another 37 percent felt that it was. The Weathermen are unarguably an interesting lot, and a subculture worth exploring. At the time of their founding in the early 1960s, the SDS was a group that advocated nonviolence and followed the ethos of the civil disobedience. By 1969, the SDS had over 100,000 m embers, and was a leading anti-war group. At its peak, infighting severely fragmented the group during their 1969 convention.In the midst of the infighting, a sect that called themselves the Weathermen took control. They got their name from a Bob Dylan lyric, â€Å"You don’t need to know a weatherman to know which way the wind blows. † They were a group of college students that were keeping up to date with the revolutions in 3rd world countries, and believed that a world revolution was imminent. Bernardine Dohrn, a former leader and cofounder of the Weathermen, said that â€Å"White youth must choose sides now. We must either fight on the side of the oppressed, or be the oppressor. She believed that the Weathermen should join forces with the Black Panthers, but a prominent member said that he viewed the Weather Underground as a â€Å"kindergarten revolution,† and didn’t take them seriously.In the same year, several hundred Weathermen moved into houses, w hich they called â€Å"collectives,† in lower income areas because they saw working class youths as more valuable than students. Meanwhile, the privileged students already in the organization began learning to use weapons. Laura Whitehorn, one member who lived in a collective, said that they would â€Å"eat noodles with garlic butter every day for months. This was an attempt to harden them and â€Å"force us to give up our bourgeois luxuries. † In these collectives, monogamy was considered repulsive and Weathermen believed they were breaking repression with group intimacy. The mission was quickly underway in the collectives, with a campaign to â€Å"Bring the War Home. † The Weathermen attempted to make violence visible in U. S. cities by breaking windows while distributing their leaflets. One of the first major demonstrations the Weathermen planned was called â€Å"Days of Rage,† an uprising in Chicago where they planned to confront police using violenc e.Inflated reports from the various collectives led leadership to expect varying numbers from the 1000s to the 100,000s to attend the demonstration. In a â€Å"hard collision with reality,† only about 150 to 250 showed up. Leaders began to realize that they could be held personally accountable for the riot, but the event had become out of their control. The mob trashed windows while moving through the city of Chicago. After this, the FBI began to seriously assess the Weathermen. Don Strickland, an FBI agent in the 47th â€Å"Weathermen† squad, started conducting constant searches of the collectives.December of 1969 proved to be a difficult month in the United States. At a Rolling Stones concert, the Hells Angels gang started a riot. Charles Manson’s family had become news. Violent films from Vietnam were all over. Fred Hampton, a Black Panther in Illinois, was killed while in bed during a police raid of his residence. The last event in particular affected Bill A yers, as he realized that the U. S. government would kill people in it’s own cities when their power was threatened. The group began to divide again, this time because of fear. One faction felt that the bigger the splash, the better, while the other feared for their safety.The more radical element began to seriously arm themselves, with the slogan â€Å"Piece Now. † One member reflected on this buildup, saying that â€Å"When you feel that you have right on your side, you can do some horrific things. † Arguably the first major black mark in the Weather Underground’s history occurred in a Greenwich Village townhouse, where members were building bombs and planning to detonate them at a noncommissioned officers’ dance. A short circuit in the wiring caused the bomb to explode, killing members Theodore Gold, Diana Oughton, and Terry Robbins.This is when the FBI began to devote a large amount of resources to bring the organization to justice. In response , the leaders truly went underground and severed all ties to their families. They met at a collective in Northern California in order to reevaluate their mission. It was here that the Weathermen realized that it was wrong to commit random violence against ordinary people in order to penalize society for the war in Vietnam. Bill Ayers in particular began to ensure that no one would get hurt in future bombings and only chose relevant targets.Starting with a police station in New York City, the Weather Underground began bombing various police, military and other government buildings. Every time they’d call in to insist that everyone evacuate the building. It was here that the members of the Weather Underground became idealized, as most didn’t expect them to get away with it for more than a few months. Living as outlaws, they were often compared to Bonnie and Clyde or Butch Cassidy. The leaders, at the time called the â€Å"Weather Bureau,† began making trips to the various safe houses, sharing information with members on a strict â€Å"need to know† principle.This secrecy helped them elude the FBI’s standard law enforcement techniques, but the FBI was quick to adapt. They infiltrated the Weather Underground using undercover agents. These agents were accused of spreading â€Å"divisive stories,† and even physically attacking members. A group called the Citizen’s Commission to Investigate the FBI broke into an FBI office in Media, PA, and stole documents describing COINTELPRO, which covered a wide range of covert law enforcement tactics designed to divide both the anti-war movement and the black power movement.They leaked the information to the press. These techniques were effective, and the New Left began to lose its steam. As black power and anti-war sentiment faded, the left broke up into various causes, including the Women’s Liberation Front and gay rights. When the Vietnam War ended in 1975, the Weather U nderground had entirely lost its sense of purpose. First, Mark Rudd turned himself in to the District Attorney in NY. Bernardine Dohrn soon followed. Eventually, the entire leadership turned themselves in, but very few were prosecuted because of the FBI’s proven misconduct.Works Cited Berger, Dan. Outlaws of America: The Weather Underground and the Politics of Solidarity. Oakland, CA: AK, 2006. Print. Rudd, Mark. Underground: My Life with SDS and the Weathermen. New York: William Morrow, 2009. Print. Varon, Jeremy. Bringing the War Home: the Weather Underground, the Red Army Faction, and Revolutionary Violence in the Sixties and Seventies. Berkeley: University of California, 2004. Print. The Weather Underground. Dir. Sam Green and Bill Siegel. Perf. Bill Ayers, Bernardine Dohrn, Mark Rudd. The Free History Project, 2002. DVD.

Communicate in a business environment Essay

3.1 Describe ways of verbally presenting information and ideas clearly 3.2 Explain ways of making contributions to discussion that help to move them forward 3.3 Describe methods of active listening 3.4 Explain the purpose of summarising verbal communications 4.1 Describe ways of getting feedback on communications 4.2 Explain the purpose of using feedback to develop communication skills Describe ways of verbally presenting information and ideas clearly to present any information or ideas I need clearly I often use simple language and short sentences this makes it easier for everybody to understand. Also I present the information is a variety of ways as some people understand things and concepts in different ways. For example; some people understand by hearing or seeing. Before I present any information or ideas I always plan out what I want to say, I often also take out any information that is not necessary. I also use active and personal language like ‘’you’ and ‘we’’. Explain ways of making contributions to discussion that help to move them forward To make conversation move forward, I often learn to listen to people and give importance for everybody’s ideas. This way I can make positive contributions that can lead to further discussion. I also often do not make a contribution to a subject who isn’t positive or may not affect me or my work. Describe methods of active listening In order to perform within LSG and to develop my skills listening is one the most important skills I should obtain. As it will portray the quality of my relationship with my team and clients. Listening is important as I need to often obtain information from others to learn new things. Methods of active listening include: Listening calmly without interrupting, so that I let the other person speak and show them that I care and respect them Asking others to repeat if I do not understand anything, in order to avoid mistakes Taking notes of important points, so that I do not forget or miss out on any important points Confirming what I have understood, so that there is no misunderstanding of information Explain the purpose of summarising verbal communications The purpose of summarising verbal communication is to identify major points, behaviours, thoughts and feelings that have been discussed. I then often collate all the information I have collected. By doing this is helps to have a clear precise outline of all communications. Describe ways of getting feedback on communications I believe that feedback completes the entire process of communication. Feedback helps us to decide if the communication was effects and useful. I often get feedback from my line manager Scott or I often get it from clients on the phone. If any feedback given is to improve on anything I often make note of the feedback and make a working progress for myself to include the suggestion in my work. Explain the purpose of using feedback to develop communication skills I use feedback for improve my work performance. It helps improve my work ethnic, team work and quality of my work. To help develop communication skills the feedback has to be received and acted upon. Once I have acted upon feedback I always let my line manager Scott know so that he can see I am willing to learn and enthusiastic and this may encourage people to offer me feedback in the future.

Berthe Morisot, The PInk Dress, 1870 and YOung Woman Sitting on a Research Paper

Berthe Morisot, The PInk Dress, 1870 and YOung Woman Sitting on a Sofa, 1879 - Research Paper Example However, a woman artist also belonged to this group but was not acknowledged in the art history or by the contemporary critics. She is Berthe Morisot, with more than 400 paintings to her credit. Most of Berthe Morisot’s paintings apart from her landscape paintings have women in her family as the subject. There is an underlying paradox in the contemporary as well as modern view points and criticisms of Berthe’s works of art and Berthe as an artist. While books on art history do not list her as a major Impressionist, or associate her as a disciple or student of Manet, and her works to follow his style, feminist art and history critics look upon these as essentially patriarchal. However conflicting the views are, it should be considered that nothing else could be a better source of learning the techniques of Berthe’s art than her paintings themselves. The critiques are interpretations painted in different social and ideological colors. Berthe Morisot’s gender, social status, personal relationships had a huge influence on her as an artist, from the choice of the subject matter to the painting techniques adopted. This paper looks into Berthe Morisot painting technique and compares two of her paintings â€Å"The Pink Dress† (1870) and â€Å"Young Woman Seated on a Sofa (1879) to deduce the developments and changes in the latter painting from the earlier one. Also, it analyses her art from a perspective of Berthe as a woman, impressionist and a bourgeois. [Thesis statement after finishing the essay] A few have shown interest in studying the art technique and the social background of Berthe Morisot. This has happened after her works gained international reputation post-death. A close observation of the characteristics of the period in which Berthe lived would be of great help to contextualize her as a woman artist of nineteenth century. Anne Higonnet’s biography of Berthe Morisot is a significant work that throws light on Berthe as an individual and

Strategic Leadership - Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Strategic Leadership - - Case Study Example It will not be correct to say that Wal-Mart chose a particularly attractive industry because firstly it is evident that throughout Wal-Mart’s lifespan, the retail industry has been having intense internal rivalry among several major players. Secondly, in all areas of retail that Wal-Mart ventured into it began as an underdog for example to Price Club in Warehouse Clubs; to Meijer and Fred Meyer in Supercentres; and to King’s, Korvette’s et al in discount chains. The fact is that Wal-Mart developed unique competitive advantages to propel itself to industry leadership. Some of the key drivers to its competitive advantage are as follows. Putting good-sized stores into little one-horse towns which everybody else was ignoring (Bradley & Ghemawat 3), heavy investment in Information Technology (IT), the pushing-from-the-inside-out pattern of expansion and its human resource management – characterized by empowering its employees at all levels. How have Wal-Mart' s strategy and source of competitive advantage changed over time? How do Wal-Mart's costs compare to those of the industry? Please be specific. Wal-Mart’s strategy at inception was to set up stores in those small towns that were being ignored by the other big retailers. To encourage the residents of these towns to shop locally instead of travelling to the big towns Wal-Mart provided goods at attractive prices. This strategy ensured that by mid-80s one-third of Wal-Mart stores were located in areas that were not served by its competitors (Bradley & Ghemawat 3). The organization then moved to a strategy that involved investing heavily in information systems (IS) and empowering its store managers with freedom to set prices to meet local market conditions (Bradley & Ghemawat 4). The IS increased the efficiency and effectiveness of its supply chain management system which enabled the company to reduce operational costs, increase efficiency and maintain their low price competit ive advantage. As the Wal-Mart grew in size and market share it began using its huge buying power to influence the behavior of its suppliers. For example it set up vendor-managed inventory systems with key suppliers to replenish stocks at its stores and warehouses. When other competitors began catching up with the use of information systems, Wal-Mart implemented a diversification strategy which involved investing in the development of supercenters and international expansion. Wal-Mart’s prices were typically 2 – 4% lower than their competitors in most markets. How sustainable is Wal-Mart's source of competitive advantage at the time of the case? Identify the main threats to Wal-Mart's competitive position. Put yourself in the role of CEO of one of Wal-Mart’s rivals: How would you attack Wal-Mart? Wal-Mart’s has been exploiting the low pricing strategy for a long time such that it has an effective organization design that ensures that it operates like a we ll-oiled machine. As lastname (118) states, Wal-Mart has coherent and logical strategies in place to maximize on its

Role of domestic concerns in us withdrawal from vietnam Essay

Role of domestic concerns in us withdrawal from vietnam - Essay Example After analyzing these questions, we can finally land on our ultimate target that was to investigate the extent to which the domestic concerns played their part in the withdrawal of the United States of America. As rightly quoted by Jose Padilla, war is not really something at the sole discretion of the president, rather it is the public power that should ultimately shape the foreign policy of a nation, or more precisely, the fate and destiny of the nation. This thought truly reflects in the US Vietnam war. This war proved that it's the public, the common man of the nation, who will decide the foreign policy of the nation. The history recorded that the people protesting on the roads of New York or the colleges of Ohio forced the think tanks at Pentagon and Whitehouse to change their policy and finally withdraw from the tiresome and simply lost battle of Vietnam, that proved to be the graveyard for the human and the monetary resources of American nation. Almost all the historians do agree to the fact that domestic concerns forced the US Think Tank to finally decide to withdraw from the battle at Vietnam. However, the perception of the extent to which the internal factors played their role in that historical decision is different for different historians. Furthermore, the recorded evidences also tell that the ratio of favour for the war also differed from time to time, even during the war period and age group to age group as well. 2 The Vietnam War, which lasted in 1975 is also known as Indochina war, the American war in Vietnam and the Vietnam Conflict. Why did the United States of America tried to involve in the Vietnam If looked from a narrow perspective, it seems that this was just a conflict between the communist and the non-communist factions of the Vietnamese nation. However, when we take into account the entire global scenario at that time, especially that of post-world war and cold war, we tend to realize that it was not an ordinary civil war, rather a contest between the two opposing super powers of the time, both the powers claiming to be the super power but propagating entirely different ideologies of economics, religion and state governance. Thus it was a war between the communism and the socialism, the United States of America, along with its capitalist allies and the South Vietnam on one side and the Soviet Union, its allies, the People's Republic of China, and North Vietnam on the other. Thus, withdrawing from war does not only mean the inability to handle some civil war, had it been the case, United States of America would have left the battle far earlier than it did, but this withdra wal would probably have been seen by the United States of America's policy makers as the surrender to the communist alliance. This may well be attributed to the reluctance of the United States' think tank to withdraw at an earlier stage. What approach for the involvement was there in the mind of the military and political leadership of the United States of America Since this was not too long that the Second World War had ended, those American and other nations, who had witnessed the disastrous effects of war were still alive. Any war in any part of the world is thus supposed to get a furious reaction of the public. Specially when it comes to the war in United States of

Improving Communication - The China Context Essay

Improving Communication - The China Context - Essay Example As the report declares in today’s fast paced environment and the age of electronic communication, messages sent, take on a whole new meaning by the time they reach the recipient. This gets aggravated even further when messages are relayed between differing cultures and social settings. Globalization after all, has had a profound impact on the business world of the 21st century. It is no longer possible for countries to conduct their businesses in isolation. This paper stresses that a global code of general ethics and basic business communication is increasingly being accepted by all countries, regardless of the diversity of their cultures. In this way, the principles of democracy in business have become applicable to all countries from the West to the East of the world. Communication theories like the conduit metaphor and the narrative paradigm, provide a useful insight into what goes on in an ineffective communication and how one can make it more transparent. The theory assumes that successful communication has occurred when the receiver objectively interprets the sender’s intention and meaning behind the information sent. This implies that information that is put into the right words will be easily communicable. Any extraneous information that follows the correct message can thus be eliminated as unwanted â€Å"noise†. The idea of objective interpretation does not hold ground. Discussed below are some situations that thw art the idea of objective interpretation.

The Complicated roots of modernity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Complicated roots of modernity - Essay Example It is also critical to note that with rapid modernization, cultures became fluid and mass migration to urban areas created an atmosphere where people were ready to leave their old cultural values and practices to adapt to the new ways of living. Thus, modernism started to emerge out of the economic and social necessities of the individuals. The fastest growth of the urban areas as well as the rapid industrial progress gave economic power to the nations too. Thus, nationalism emerged as a result of the better economic power and a strong sense of association with the new cultural identity developed as a result of the economic progress. Nationalism, therefore, is another form of a concept which relates people with the origin. Similarly, liberalism as well as socialism also depicts a particular form of philosophical forms which are based upon modern thinking and a perception of the progressive development of the human societies. This paper will discuss and argue that nationalism, liberal ism, and socialism have roots in modern thinking, their connection to the French Revolution and how they expose the dark side of morality. Liberalism, Nationalism, and Socialism The French Revolution proved as a starting point for much of the later development of the modern thinking. ... idered as a step towards nationalism because it clearly made an attempt to reduce the influence of Church on the modern society and gave rise to a new concept of the collective identity to be developed under the banner of nationalism. What is also critical to note that the French Revolution was also a result of the failure of the monarchs to develop a modern and liberal society with the freedom of thought and expression. Liberalism as a philosophy actually opposes any form of oppression, be it from the state or some other entities. It advocates human freedom and suggests that humans and human societies should be free from any oppression or external force which can restrict the freedom. Liberal thought, though is relatively older than the French Revolution, however, culminated into a practical reality with the French Revolution. It is also critical to note that the French revolution brought to an end a restrictive economic system which was run under the control of the government which decided different aspects of economic life of masses. The emergence of nationalism, however, provided a uniform platform for the masses to develop their collective identity based upon different aspects of life. One of the key variables on the basis of which nationalism started to take its roots was the economic power. Nations, however, did not rely upon the economic power as the military power was considered as necessary too. Nations which became successful in amassing economic capital as well as the modern military forces, however, started to develop colonies and, hence, became an oppressive force. The wars between England and France, the occupation of various colonies across the whole globe exposed the darker side of the morality of the nationalism and nationalist thoughts. As Cortes

Turner v. Safley Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Turner v. Safley - Essay Example The second rule entailed that prisoners could only get married with the permission of the prison superintendent. This permission was only granted due to â€Å"compelling reasons†, which generally were a pregnancy or the birth of a child outside of marriage. Both the Federal District Court and Court of Appeals found these rules unconstitutional and ruled in favor of the petitioners, i.e. the inmates. The Missouri Division of Corrections appealed in the U.S. Supreme Court. In the Supreme Court, it was held that the first rule was reasonable and necessary for security reasons; if correspondence were to be allowed freely between prisoners, it could lead to inmates plotting escape plans, arranging violent activities and to promote prison gang activities. Moreover, this rule did not bar the prisoners from corresponding to prisoners and hence did not deprive them of all ways of expression. This rule was necessary for the safety of the prison staff as well as of the prisoners themselves. Therefore, the earlier decision in this matter was overturned. On the second rule, however, the Court agreed with the decision of the lower courts. It was decided that such a rule barred the right of the prisoners to marry on an unreasonable level, as, whether a prisoner married another prisoner or a civilian, it could not possibly have a negative effect that large on the prison staff or inmates so as to render it necessary for them to obtain the permission of the prison superintendent. Hence this rule was declared unconstitutional and ordered removed. The ruling of the Court was very balanced in its approach. The Court did not allow the infringement of the rights of the inmates that the Constitution provided them; moreover, it also kept in mind that the security of the prison staff and inmates was of prime importance and could not be compromised. Though it is important for none of the

Collective Bargaining and School Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Collective Bargaining and School Finance - Essay Example Each unit designs a contract proposal which is introduced to the districts Labor Relations Department. In the negotiating sessions the proposals and counterproposals are exchanged until an agreement is reached between both the parties in good faith. After the one year of approved contract, it is required to include a provision for reopening negotiations on specific items like salary, benefits, and one or two additional items to be selected by each party. According to the Rodda Act negotiating parties should participate, and stick to certain behaviors and time lines. They should discuss all issues to make proposals and counterproposals in an effort to reach agreement. In the school environment, this act allows teachers and employees the right to meet and negotiate with the employer with respect to wages, benefits and working conditions. Taylor Law has founded an agency named ‘The Public Employment Relations Board’ (PERB) to exercise the law. PERB’s board has three members for performing activities including adjudicating and establishing public policy concerning public sector labor relations issues; attorneys for the board; administrative law judges that hear claims of improper practices; mediators that assist public employers and employee organizations in contract negotiations; administrative and support staff that ensure services are delivered to the public sector labor relations community. PERB is responsible for interpreting disputes as to matters that are or are not ‘within scope’. The range of subjects within a scope includes matters relating to wages, hours, and working conditions negotiated between school districts and employee organizations during the collective bargaining process. There are two types of negotiations: Traditional (positional) and Interest Based negotiations. Traditional negotiations solve a problem with respect to positions and

Rachel and her Children essay Essay Example for Free

Rachel and her Children essay Essay We see them almost everywhere! We can hear them around the corner, and we see their shadow from far away. We try to avoid looking directly into their eyes, and we pretend we did not hear them when they talk to us. We walk around the block to avoid them, and walk faster to leave them behind. These people that we consider to be invisible are actually homeless human beings. Homelessness in America remains an issue of deep concern in the 21st century. Without a permanent roof over their head, these people seek refuge in various places such as homeless shelters and tent cities. If they are fortunate they will find a safe place to stay the night. The less fortunate ones are forced to spend their night in public places that are unsafe and unfit to sleep in. Although homelessness is not a new issue to write about, in â€Å"Rachel and her children†, Jonathan Kozol brings us into an entirely new world. A world where the homeless are not just figures with hands held out asking for spare change. He brings us into the lives of these homeless story by story case by case sharing his personal interviews with these unfortunate people. What Kozol describes deeply in the book throughout true incredible stories goes beyond our expectation. Especially in chapter 5,† Distancing ourselves from pain and tears† which is one of the center of the book, the author raises more concern about our attitudes toward poor homeless people. What Kozol means by â€Å"distancing† in the chapter is that people do really care about homelessness. They do understand and feel guilty about what homeless people are suffering day by day. Because of the guiltiness, they try to create a â€Å"distance† by themselves to ignore the responsibility for these homeless people. Instead of blaming the reckless negligence of the government’s welfare system, people end up blaming homelessness for creating their own destitution. In some ways, it is surely that most Americans would have a certain enhanced sympathy toward homeless people. However, not many of us do truly care about them, want to know what the story is behind them becoming homeless, and try to help them get out of their dark side. We do have compassion, but our compassion is not big enough to connect us closer to homeless people. Even though we feel very bad whenever we hear about the poor people, every one of us does have a distance ourselves from homelessness. The first thing that come to my mind and other people’s when thinking about homeless people is that all of them are panhandlers, those who are mentally unstable, and victims of â€Å"dumping† by greedy hospital or drug addiction. Last summer I came to visit my friend who lives in downtown San Francisco. As I was walking down to the bus station, I remember passing an old homeless woman who was asking people for money at the corner of the station. Being careful not to touch her, I dropped a few spare coins in his hand. Automatically assuming that the money I gave her would be used for drugs or alcohol, I looked upon her with contempt. After reading this book, I understand that the woman I saw at the corner of the station could have, at one time, been just like me. Even though being a little proud of just doing something good, I found that I (as well as other people) fail to create a distance from homelessness. At the beginning, Kozol opens his book with the story of Peter and Megan who are living in the Martique homeless shelter. Before ending up being homeless, they had a happy life with their five children. Peter did plumbing and carpentry. He was also a contributing and working. After a fire destroyed the house and all of Peter’s collection of tools he had built up for years, Peter’s family had to struggle in the Martique. By opening with this story, Kozol gives the readers a new vision of homeless people. Stereotypes of the homeless as individuals struggling with mental health issues or substance addictions no longer hold. They used to be normal members in the society just like us, but for some reasons cause them to become destitute. Kozol’s book documents how many homeless were recently employed, cast into homelessness by financial misfortune such as ongoing unemployment, staggering medical bills or medical disabilities. Many homeless people are in their existing condition of living on the streets because of being born poor, while many other homeless people used to have money, fame and property before but lost it all in some big personal or external event. We have never thought what lead those people into their dark sides. We are too hasty to put everyone into the same category. Because of that failure in thinking, we naturally build an invisible distance that separates us from homeless people. There are hundreds of fears which could be called typical of human needs existing inside of us such as: going broke, foreclosure on house, humiliation from public speaking, running out of food, or major disasters†¦. However, a life that is financially is unsecure, and in a depressed economy, the fear of being homeless seems to be considered as the biggest concern for human beings. For those who have been homeless and are now off the street, generally they promise themselves never to let that happen again. Many people now fear being homeless who are close to foreclosure. Too many people bought at the top of the market or re-financed with variable rate deals. Therefore, this fear of being homeless is a real fear. When people are scared of something so much that they cannot face it, they tend to ignore it in order to release the fear that they are going through. We all know that homelessness still exists. We also know that that the number of people who stay in the street as their home, lack of food, tremble because of cold, and carry on so many disease is increasingly higher in every states of the U.S. Since we fear of being homeless, we try to disregard the existence of homelessness. We even blame homeless people for creating their own situation. In order to push away our own â€Å"nightmare†, we unintentionally create the distance between ourselves and homelessness. Not only do we eliminate our â€Å"nightmare† by blaming the homeless people but also we evade our responsibility by making an excuse that there is no â€Å"quick fix† for erasing homelessness in America. That means people who are living in the street have to wait a long time to get a house. Most of us usually think that we already gave a hand for helping homelessness by the tax we pay to the government every year, and that the government themselves have had programs for low-income Americans. However, we do not know that the money the government gives up to help poor people is â€Å"just over a tenth of the federal budget† (131). Yet, that ten percent of the budget was cut into one third by the Reagan budget cuts. In other words, when that amount of money reaches to the homeless people, it means nothing. The question here is: What is the rest of the money gone instead of using to help homeless? The rest of billions of dollars is used for national defense such as: military, weapons, and so-called wars†¦ Without knowing this, we blame homeless people for creating their own destitution instead of the government. The book â€Å"Rachel and her children† incredibly tells stories of homeless people. Each person has his or her own different circumstances, but generally these people used to have the same normal live before they became homeless. Many of us would sympathize with homeless people on the street, but only few truly want to help them get out of their extreme circumstances. In some ways, we still draw ourselves a distance from homelessness either because of our guiltiness or our own fear of being homeless one day. When we confidently give up our little spare coins to homeless people without worrying if they are used for drugs or alcohol, that is when we little by little erase our distance and get closer to these poor homeless human beings. View as multi-pages

Greek mathematician Pythagoras Essay Example for Free

Greek mathematician Pythagoras Essay Pythagoras was a Greek philosopher and mathematician. He was born in Samos, Ionia around 580 b.c. Thales, who was another philosopher was the main teacher of Pythagoras. Pythagoras went to study further in Egypt so Thales couldnt teach him anymore. In Pythagoras teenage years, he began to become known for his philosophic ideas. He also succeeded in math, astronomy, wrestling, and music. In music, he figured out that when a string is vibrating, the longer or shorter it is makes a difference in the tune of the note. In astronomy, he taught that the earth was a sphere, and in math he compared the difference between composite and prime numbers, discovered irrational numbers, and proved the Pythagorean Theorem. This stated that when the two shorter sides in a right triangle were squared and then added, it would equal the square of the longest side or hypotenuse. This was known earlier, but he was the first one to really prove it was true. He soon moved from his home in Italy to a place called Crotona. In Crotona, he found a wife named Theano and founded a school based on philosophy and religion. While in Crotona he discovered many things and even had some followers. Pythagoras followers called themselves the Pythagoreans. In order to become a Pythagorean , you had to follow a couple of strict rules. One of the rules was silence. This meant that you could never share any of your own ideas with the others and that you could only listen to your fellow Pythagoreans. Another rule was avoiding the ingestion of meat. An interesting thing about his school was that if you joined you were automatically a Pythagorean so that meant if you were a student, youd have to obey the rules also. His followers also believed in reincarnation. Reincarnation- when one dies, their soul is transferred to another human beings body. Pythagoras died in Metapontum, Lucania in 500 b.c. Historians think that he  fled and just barely escaped death when violence broke out in Crotona. When he died, a lot of his ideas were forgotten. We will always miss our dear Pythagorus.

The Function Analysis System Technique Construction Essay

The Function Analysis System Technique Construction Essay I have been employed by the University of Salford as a project management consultant. The University is considering constructing a new building call Clifford Whitworth library building 2(CWLB2) This new building will be identical to the existing Clifford Whitworth Library Building (CWLB1) and will be attached to the north end of the conference centre building next to CWLB1 on an existing grassed area. The new Clifford withworth library building will be a mirror image of CWLB1 with regard to its horizontal plan and height dimensions. In this situation, the University is keen to maximise value or eliminating any unnecessary costs on any new building projects when the current economic climate is given. It also wants an environmentally sustainable building which can obtain a high BREEAM rating The picture in above show the current Clifford Whitworth Library existing building and the new proposed library building. Project brief for Task A In this Task, I have to produce a report such as value engineering analysis of the existing CWLB 1 building and identified of functional components of the building with approximate cost breakdown and 80/20 histogram, other than that, I have to analyse the 4 major components such as roof, floor and wall etc. And detail analysis in combined scoring matrix of 1 major component, with explanation and justification of criteria and alternatives. The cost plan show at the below is the cost for Clifford whitworth Library building 1 is  £ 5,417,936.52. In this project, I have use BCIS analysis 21757, 22865 and 21620 to analyze the cost of element or price per meter square for this specification material. In lieu of this I have used external quotations for a number of the elements, and Spons Architectural Price Book 2010 for the balance. The Clifford Whitworth Library building 1 project taken in BCIS which located at Greater Manchester. The cost analysis will therefore need general adjustments for inflation and location factors. Inflation can be dealt with by using a tender price . According to the BCIS for Elemental analysis number 21757 in 2002, the cost per m2 for roof is  £42.43 and the cost is  £12,134, The Tender price value show the proposed project from the BCIS is 182(1Q2002) and the current is 209(4Q2010) .The variation factors are currently 91 for Greater Manchester and 107 for the Berkshire. All these data can be obtained from BCIS. Using the above information, the cost analysis can be adjusted as follows: Updated cost analysis = cost analyisis X current tender price index/regional price tender X Greater Manchester regional index/ Berkshire regional index = 42.43 X 209/182 X 91/107 Revised Cost analysis =  £41.44 x 5381.52 m2 =  £ 223,010.19 Specification for cost plan Clifford Whitworth Library Building 1 Element Specification 1 Substructure PCC driven piles. Concrete pile caps, ground beams and 150mm slab. 2A Frame PCC columns supporting upper floor; steel/timber supporting rafters. 2B Upper floors RC upper floors on permanent formwork. 2C Roof 270m2 mono-pitched metal clad library roof; 69m2 metal clad plywood decking on timber rafters. Langley roofing to entrance (25m2). Aluminium rainwater pipes. 2D Stairs Ditto, basement to second floor 2E External walls Rendered block/block walls; larch Rainscreen cladding; double glazed aluminium curtain walling. 2F Windows and external doors Double glazed powder coated aluminium windows. Oak panelled entrance doors; aluminium louvred doors to plant room. 2G Internal walls and partitions Block and metal stud partitions. PCC walls to lift and stairs; 2No glazed timber lightwells to 1st floor. 2H Internal doors Ash veneered flush doors. 3A Wall finishes Plaster and emulsion; high level acoustic panels. 3B Floor finishes Vinyl sheet, tufted loop pile carpet and non-slip ceramic tile floorings. 3C Ceiling finishes Veneer to underside of roof panels. Plasterboard, timber and other suspended ceilings. 4 Fittings Fittings 5A Sanitary appliances White vitreous china sanitaryware; Doc M pack. 5C Disposal installations Soil and waste pipes. 5D Water installations Hot and cold water services. 5F Space heating and air treatment Gas fired low temperature hot water central heating. Air handling unit and VRV air conditioning. 5G Ventilating systems Extract ventilation to toilets and kitchen. Natural ventilation. 5H Electrical installations Electric light and power. Emergency lighting. 5J Lift and conveyor installations 10-person, 800kg; 3 stops; 0.75m/s; 5K Protective installations Lightning protection. 5L Communications installations Fire detection and alarm. CCTV, data and telephone cables; PA. 5M Special installations Rainwater harvesting; BMS. 5N Builders work in connection Builders work in connection with services. 6A Site works Excavation to reduce levels. Concrete block paviours. 6B Drainage Foul and surface water drainage. 6C External services Gas, water, electricity mains. External lighting. 7 Preliminaries 8% of remainder of Contract Sum (excluding Contingencies). 8 Contingencies 4.41% of remainder of Contract Sum (excluding Preliminaries). Histogram The Histogram for old Clifford Whitworth library building 1 show that the percentage from the element of the total cost of the building, the histogram show that the electrical installation cost the most in Clifford Withworth Library Building, they cost 9.54% of the total cost of the building, they cost  £516,787.37. External walls are ranked second in the chart, they cost 9.33% of the total cost of the building, they cost  £505,432.36. Frame is the third highest in the chart, they cost 9.29% of the total cost of the building. The Fitting and furnishings are the lowest percentage of the Clifford Withworth library building 1, they cost only 0.11% of the 100% of the building, they cost only  £6,027.30, the Disposal Installation are the second lowest in the chart, they cost only 0.20% of the building, last but not least, Gas installation are the third lowest in the chart, they cost approximately 0.21 % The 4 major components i choose is roof, external wall, framce and upper floor. Function Analysis System Technique (F.A.S.T. Diagram) in Roof Aluminium Timber Material Precast concrete Rain Protect the building Heat, sunlight Acquire medium BREEAM rating Sustainably Roof Heat insulation Cold Noise Durability Cost Life Cycle Cost According to the FAST diagram, roof most common material is Aluminium and precast concrete, Steel and timber. Most of the Roof are normally protects against the rain, other than that, the roof also can protect the sunlight or heat and wind, the rating BREEAM for Sustainably will be medium. The insulation of the Roof is they can prevent the heat, cold and the noise. F.A.S.T. Diagram in External wall Roof Support Ceiling Area Protect the building External Wall Acquire high BREEAM Building Sustainably Noise Insulation Durability Cost According to the FAST diagram, External wall use to support the Roof and ceiling, they also can protect the building area when external wall have installed. The rating BREEAM Building for the suitainably is high. They also have a advantages on the insulation, they can prevent the noise and wind F.A.S.T. Diagram in Frame Timber Reinforced concrete material Steel construction Frame Fast Good in fire resistance sustainable design easier navigation maintain According to the FAST diagram, Frame most common material is Timber, Reinforced concrete and steel, frame are very fast in construction process, they are very good in sustainable and last but not least, frame also can make the easier to navigate and the frame also can make it easier to design and maintain your site. F.A.S.T Diagram in upper floor. Timber Reinforced Concrete Material Steel Sound Insulation Upper floor Fast Construction Good in fire resistance Sustainable According to the FAST diagram, Upper floor most common material is timber, reinforced concrete and steel, Upper floor are very good insulation in Sound, the Upper floor are very fast in construction process, they are very good in fire resistance and sustainable. Combined Scoring matrix in the external wall Critiria Combined matrix A Initial Cost A2 B Maintenance Cost A4 B3 A3 C Aesthetics B2 A2 D3 B2 A3 D Insulation properties E2 B3 D2 F2 E Time for construction D2 E2 F Durability G G F E D C B A Exterior wall Alternatives Raw score ( ) ( 2 ) ( 2+2 ) ( 2+2+3 ) (0) (3+2+2+3) (2+4+3++2+3) 2 4 7 0 10 14 Analysis matrix Weight of importance (1-10) 1 3 5 1 7 10 1 Glazed curtain wall 2 3 3 4 1 1 47 2 9 15 4 7 10 3 Metal panel 2 3 3 3 1 2 56 2 9 15 3 7 20 4 Solid concrete block wall 3 2 4 2 4 3 89 3 6 20 2 28 30 According to the combined scoring matrix, we are concerned more on the cost and time instead of design in Clifford Whitworth library building 1, the combined scoring matrix show that which type of the external wall is the best choice for the new proposal building in term of the criteria matrix, In the end, the brick and block wall are the best choice for alternative to proposed the new Clifford whitworth library building with a score of 89 points. Project brief for task 2 In this report, we have to do the new proposal for the 4 components which selected in task 1 to improve the quality and cost of the building to propose the new Clifford Whitworth Library Building with explanation, structure and presentation. The 4 major components to propose the new building is roof, external wall, frame and upper floor. Roof Reinforced concrete are the best choice for the new Clifford Whitworth Library building, they are construct in the similar way as reinforced concrete floors beam and insitu cast concrete slab. Roofs are normally to support the self weight of the roof together with loading from heat, snow and rain, the roof also can prevent the wind pressure as well. The concrete roofs are normally constructed in flat roof, and library has no doubt to construct in flat roof. R.Greeno (2007) stated that The Strength for the reinforced concrete itself has compressive strength. The crushing strength of normal concrete will depend on its composition. The concrete are normally weak in tension, its strength in this respect being only one fourteenth to one eighth of its compressive strength. Wall According to the Combined scoring matrix, solid concrete block wall are the best choice to proposed the new building. A solid concrete block wall is the filled solid with concrete and lightweight concrete blocks. As different to produce a concrete wall where the wall must be created from wood and poured with concrete, then the forms have to be removed, then the concrete block wall can be constructed more fast and easier because of the material construction. The solid concrete block wall have many advantages such as the wall is very solid in sustainable, other than that, they can over a formed and poured concrete wall. When the concrete walls formed, the wooden form built from plywood have been constructed, they are always subject to misalignment, even after they have been squared and leveled, because of the flexible nature of the wood. The solid concrete block walls are good in sound insulation. which means the solid concrete block walls are suitable to construct in the library . the solid concrete block wall are good in fire resistant, which means the building not easily to get burnt. Frame Frame most common material is Timber, Reinforced concrete and steel, but steel framed are the most suitable frame structured for the new building, the designed for steel framed is the connection between the separated member treated as either non-rigid or fully rigid joints. Steel are made under factory conditions are subject to british standards. The strength of a steel frame is controlled and established during manufacture. On fire resistance, steel frame have no doubt with the fire resistance, but the still will get weaker in strength when the temperature hit 299 Celsius above. In construction process, still frame can reduced up to 50% compare to the traditional methods, in this result, steel frame can reduces cost during construction process. Steel frames can live straight, but the timber only can move and warp, twist and shrink during and after construction. This considerably reduces in progress maintenance, as there are less call backs for things like plasterboard cracking or framing popping. Steel framing can span long distances, allowing greater design flexibility. Interior walls can be placed without load-bearing considerations compared to timber framing and other framing. Upper floor Last but not least, Concrete Upper floor is my best options to propose the library because they are good in sound insulation between floor to floor, Concrete Upper floor also good in fire resistant, they can ranging for half and hour to 1 hour depend on the floor type. The concrete upper floor have a good quality, the concrete floor can be act as a thermal store which can reduce in the heating price especially the floor heating systems are used. The precast concrete floor can span longer than timber floor, the precast concrete can small span up to 4.6 m in one- way span. Referencing http://www.ehow.com/about_6522371_advantages-solid-concrete-block-wall.html

Animal Rights in the Media Essay -- social issues

Animal Rights in the Media This essay will explore the moral and ethical issues raised by human superiority over animals, why we shouldn’t have any superiority, and how this subject is portrayed in a variety of different media. The world today is becoming less aware of the pain and suffering being inflicted on animals. As a result, animals are becoming even more and more downtrodden in society. Humans have, and continue to, treat animals as if they are property, as if we can own and therefore control their lives and what happens to them. This is immoral, animals are here for themselves, animals have their own lives, and they think, have feelings, feel pain, require love (from their own species), feel emotional hurt, have families, and everything else that humans do. To just simply say that non-human animals should have no rights because they’re â€Å"defective† is a mindless statement! People come to this â€Å"conclusion† because they come up with some mindless babble like, non-human animals can’t talk, drive cars or vote, therefore they have no non-tradable properties. Well answer me this; do non-human animals have the right to exist in their natural environment and express behaviours that matter to them? We withhold non-human animals the very basic rights, simply because they don’t resemble humans. Humans are speciest. Humans are callous, brutal and cold-blooded towards non-human animals; humans have no consideration for the feelings and suffering which they selfishly inflict on animals. When a human kills another human they are the disgrace of the country, the headlines in the news, and all they did was kill one human, one insignificant human life. Yet, no one seems to care that everyday billions upon billions of innocent animals are being sickeningly, nauseatingly, hideously, vilely, unanaesthetically murdered for meat. If you think the process of that cute cow in the field to the steak on your plate is all candy and roses, then here is an extract from a very informative article on the way in which an animal is killed to become meat, (something that humans have no nutritional requirement for!). â€Å"Death came in the form of a pneumatic nail gun that was placed against their heads and fired. The gun is designed so that the nail never completely leaves the gun, but simply is blown into the animal's head and then pulled out by the butcher as the animal co... ...or things as vain as make-up, yes that’s right, millions of whales are murdered to make useless cosmetics, vain and heartless! This book shows man in his most arrogant state, it shows that humans will stop at nothing, they don’t care if it involves the ruthless torture of non-human animals, as long as their profiting then they don’t care. So as all the sources show, humans are heartless and speciest. The way in which humans treat non-human animals needs drastic changing; we should not be exploiting them for any reason at all. There are not here to serve us, they are here for there own purposes. One final question for you to consider; â€Å"If possessing a higher degree of intelligence does not entitle one human to use another for his own ends, how can it entitle humans to exploit non-humans?† References Sewell, A. (1877) Black Beauty, United States of America: Nancy Springer Ø Smith, V. (1943) Musco – Blue Whale, Maryborough, Vic: Hedges & Bell Pty. Ltd Ø Andre (1996) Ø Gifford, D. (2001) â€Å"meat is murder†, URL: http://www.meat.org/ Ø Pyers, G & Gott, R. (1994) â€Å"Treated like animals†, The relationships between people and animals, Carlton, Vic: CIS publishers

Cemetery Prototype Database :: Database

This prototype database was designed to meet the general needs of users from a range of different backgrounds in relation to cemeteries and graveyards. The scenario is described as follows: A consortium of international archaeological and historical societies has collaborated in funding a multidisciplinary database of international historical graveyards whose history goes back at least 100 years. As the database will be used for research as well as town-planning by a wide variety of people, including historians, local councils, genealogists, sociologists and epidemiologists, it is anticipated that it will include not only information about the graveyards themselves, but also the buildings, individual gravestones and the records of people buried there. [Emphasis added] Key words and phrases (highlighted) were used to determine the appropriate entities and their attributes, and to help determine the kinds of queries that might be useful for key stakeholders. This database will serve a diverse range users, each with different needs. Prior to constructing this database, I created a list of questions that I suspected may have been of interest to a given stakeholder, and then ensured that my database could answer them. I have listed a sample of these questions in Appendix I and have provided relevant queries to demonstrate the usefulness of the database. Entities From the scenario described above, I have determined that the following main entities are the most appropriate for a relational database: cemeteries, burial plots, burial records, monuments, buildings, and inscriptions. Each main entity and its significant attributes will be described below; however, a full list of attributes can be found in the appendix. Cemeteries and graveyards Each cemetery or graveyard will exist in the database as a distinct entity, and all other entities can be traced back to their relevant cemetery. Curl (1999) defines a cemetery as: 'a burial ground, especially a large landscaped park or ground laid out expressly for the deposition or interment of the dead, not being a churchyard attached to a place of worship.' Accordingly, a cemetery is not simply a place containing a dead body or bodies, but a defined location specifically intended to be used for burying the dead. While Curl attempts to distinguish a cemetery from a churchyard, my database takes a broader approach and includes all formal burial places (graveyards in general), including those associated with churchyards, burial mounds, and war memorials. As noted by Rugg (2000), cemeteries also 'provide the ability of users to locate a specific grave .

dark side :: essays research papers

â€Å"THE DARK SIDE†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Sara was a 15 year old girl who had just moved into new town with her mom. Her parents got divorced and she was taking it very hard. She missed all her friends and family she left back home and she felt out of place. All she wanted is her old life back and be happy like she used to be. But that was impossible and she just had to deal with the situation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She started her first year of high school and she hated it. She didn’t fit in with the crowd, the teachers picked on her, and her grades were poor. She gave up on her hobbies, like sports, and drawing; things that she enjoyed doing. In other words, she became depressed. Spending all her time daydreaming of a better life, during the night, she stayed up and cried. She felt so lonely, wanting to escape to a far off place.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As those terrifying days passed, she met this group of kids. Others didn’t like them because of their gothic ways. Kids were scared of them, and became known as the outcasts. Sara became acquainted with them fast. They started to hang out more, she felt comfortable around their presence. She also started to like the activities they did like spells, witchcraft, rituals, and ceremonies that took place at the cemetery. She was fascinated and glad that she found her spiritual side.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  She automatically changed. She became this unknown person. Her mother and the people around her noticed that she became weird. But she enjoyed what she did, because it gave her a sense of power and control over her life. Although, what she didn’t know was that the witchcraft became her obsession. She stared to get more involved in it. Now not only did she did spells, Voo Doo Dolls, and rituals but she started â€Å"Black Magic†. Which is very dangerous, and it might even cause disaster. Her habits got so out of hand that even the crowd didn’t want to hang around with her, because they were afraid to mess with Black Magic. Sara believed so strongly in the evil powers that she decided to invoke the evil spirit.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  At midnight, she went to the cemetery all by herself. She made a fire and drew the devil stars around it with human blood. She kneeled down in front of the burning fire, holding the black book in her hands, she said the following words â€Å"EVIL SPIRIT COME TO ME, I INVOKE THEE†, and she threw a mixture into the flames.

Plight of African Americans Essay

African Americans plight throughout U. S. history begin as early in the 1400-s and ending in the 1700-s. In 1863 President Abraham Lincoln freed slaves in the southern states through the Emancipation Proclamation. African Americans endured many hardships such as not having rights to vote, social inequalities of African Americans were violated, equal social status, social classes, and social circles. Examples of these violation are freedom of speech, property rights, access to health care, education, and transportation. Cultural concerns of African Americans currently include not being acknowledged in most educational settings and lack of our cultural experiences in classroom settings denying African American children the right to know the history of where our ancestry evolved. All of these experiences are and some continue to be the journey of African Americans today Groups and organizations promoting racial equality are the National Association of Advancement for Colored People{NAACP}, Southern Christian Leadership Conference{SCLC}, The National Urban League, Rainbow/Push Coalition each helped paved the way for equality of races and continue to do so. Objectives of these groups was to eliminate discrimination along with racial discrimination among citizens of the United States, eliminatin barriers of discrimination through democratic processes, seek enactment and enforcement of federal, state and local laws securing civil rights to inform the public of the changes of racial discrimination and educate persons of their constitutional rights and to take lawful action to secure the exercise thereof and to take any other action in furtherance of these objectives. Experiences of the NAACP help to dismantle Jim Crow Laws, the NAACP had it’s first victory in Guinn and Beale vs. US Supreme Court this case declared it unconstitutional the â€Å"grandfather clause† in the Oklahoma Constituition which stopped voting qualifications if the individual grandfather had voted, this was an attempt by Whites to stop African Americans whose grandfathers that had been slaves. Laws and amendments were designed to constrain the racial inequalities within prejudicial boundaries such as the 13th, 14th , and 15th amendments. These amendments address unfair treatment of African Americans, amendment 13th abolished slavery, amendment 14th secured rights of slaves and equal protection under the law to all persons and helped to dismantle segregation{Brown vs. Board of Education}. Various groups, organization and people played a tremendous role in fighting for racial equality leaders like Martin Luther King, Rosa Parks, Malcolm X, Thurgood Marshall and organizations such as NAACP, SCLC, and The Urban League. These groups of people and organizations help to fight legislation through landmark court cases, peaceful and nonviolent demonstrations, protests and sit ins and with the amendments listed above. The 14th amendment contains the equal protection clause and this clause was included to protect slaves from unfair treatment, In Brown versus the Board of Education this case helped declared separate public schools for Blacks and Whites was unconstitutional as a result of dejure segregation, this is ruled a violation of the 14th amendment. Infamous boycotts and sit-ins, contributed to this fight, like The Montgomery Boycott and The Greensboro Sit In. Peaceful demonstrations in a nonviolent manner was the objectives of these organizations and leaders. Protesting for racial dignity, economic and political self sufficiency and freedom from oppression of White Americans was the goals of these leaders and organizations to help fight legislation. Several laws have been enacted to help eliminate prejudicial boundaries, these laws are often called antidiscrimination acts which addressed racial, political and social inequalities of African Americans, The Civil Right Acts of 1968,1964 and 1948, helped to outlaw major forms of discrimination against racial, ethnic, national and religious minorities and women. These acts ended unequal voter requirements, racial segregation in school, workplaces and by facilties that served the general public. These are a few of the struggles of African Americans and their journey throughout U. S. history there have been enormous strides in gaining equality for races, politically and socially, although political challenges currently face African Americans now we continue to fight for this right our ancestors have marched, died , were abused physically and verbally, remains the plight before us.

Long Walk to Remember Poem

Long walk to Forever I’m what they call A. W. O. L Was a private first class in the Artillery. Hitchhike since two days, On the fringe of a city, Near fields and woods and orchard. In the early afternoon, I knocked on Catharine’s front door. I want to give Henry a rosy bride, By taking a walk with Catharine. One foot in front of the other, Through leaves, over bridges. That will be my present. I’ve never done anything like this before, Time to time, I softly said to me,I love you. I have never kissed you, I would have before. So let’s take a walk, One foot in front of the other, Through leaves, over bridges. We had always been playful, but never talk of love. What happens next? I let you know I loved you.. â€Å"Too late†, she said. I started walking again. Involuntarily, she bursts into tears, and clenched her hands. A woman couldn’t hide love, As I was seeing love now. I kissed her. The bells in the tower of the school rang. Just dream of m e,Your wonderful Newt. Marry me, Catharine? Not Henry Stewart Chasens. There are many, many good things about me. We say goodbye, shake hands, part friends. I smiled, and walked away quickly. In long perspective of shadows and trees. I stopped, and turned, â€Å"Catharine. † She ran to me. â€Å"I’ll always remember you,† she said. I’m not disappointed. We take a walk, One foot in front of the other, Through leaves, over bridges. I’m sorry Catharine, Because I love you

Mba Second Semester Curriculum

MBA(EXEECUTIVE/RETAIL) II SEMESTER BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT ASSIGNMENT-I 1 Discuss how does the environment acts as a stimulant to business. Analyse why business often does little for physical environment preservation despite the fact that it is significant for business activity. 2. Analyse the Monetary and Fiscal Policies practiced in India in recent years. How far shall they be effective in curtailing the recent spurt in inflation? 3. How far does Indian corporate discharge its social responsibilities?Illustrate your answer with suitable examples 4. Do you think that the present economic environment is favourable to business? Discuss and give your suggestions. Describe the various components of external environment that influence the business policy of an organization. 5. Explain the industrial policy of Indian government and changes that happened from 1980 till date. Why is year 1991 a watershed year in the economic history of india? ist and explain in detail what changes and reforms have taken place since 1991. ASSIGNMENT-II 6. The Chief Executive of Samsung Electronics recently told its employees that, â€Å"We must begin anew. Most of Samsung’s flagship businesses and products will become obsolete within ten years. † This corporate strategy of reinvention would inevitably involve significant change for employees. Do you think that technology transfer is likely to be the biggest problem for a business that wants to reinvent itself?Justify your answer with reference to Samsung Electronics and/or other organisations that you know. 7. Mr. Subhash, an NRI of your locality seeks advice to invest his money by starting an IT based industry. Give suggestions to him regarding the investment friendly climate in Madhya Pradesh, in the light of new industrial policy of the State Government. 8. How does the change in profile of customers affect your business environment? 9.Elucidate the external environment of business and its components in the context of a c ompany in the retail sector. List some elements of external environment you would want to scan to improve profits of a retailing business you may own in future? 10. How many dimensions of business environment are changing for the banking industry. What measure does the central bank take to control inflation? Explain the impact of this change on business environment. ************

Preference of Patients Essay

In the medical profession, there are some issues that call for ethical appraisal. Although these issues might be provided for under the code of ethics of the medical profession, they have raised several controversial debates that have haunted the ethical foundation of the profession. One of such issues which have been a cause of controversy is the preference of patients. When we talk about the preferences of patients, what we are referring to is the choice of the patient after evaluating the health outcomes which might result from the treatment or refusal of treatment. There are several other issues that relates to this patient centered approach in the medical profession. Over the years, patients have been allowed to make some choices pertaining to the medical care. Generally speaking, some people are of the opinion that due to the availability of more information, some patients are not a novice to the medical practice and so should be allowed to make decisions about their treatment – of course, under the guidance of the physician and with correct understanding of the facts of the treatment. This approach is put in place in place in order to maintain a better, more flexible and less domineering environment. Thus the patient’s preference afeects the decisions about medical care as the doctor can not make some vital decisions. An example of the patient’s preference is the span of treatment, However, some people are of the opinion that due to the complex nature of the medical professions, patients should not be allowed to make decision that pertains to treatment procedures. This is informed by the fact that these patients might be fearful, not in their correct frame of mind and may be looking for a form of treatment that will be less painful to them. It is therefore concluded that the patient’s decision should not be regarded at that point in time as that may not be what they would have chosen if they were in their right frame of mind. This too like the other poses a problem. If we are to rely on this argument, then we are likely going to fall into trouble due to some issues associated with the absence of patient preferences. There is should be patient autonomy and patients have the moral and legal rights to make decisions that concern their health and medical conditions. Thus, no matter how we view it, the issue of patient’s preference raises a problem from both sides. If for instance we say that the patient needs not be consulted in making decisions about treatment, then we are neglecting the legal right and moral rights of the patients. However, it might be true that in some given situations, the preference of the patient poses a threat to the patient’s health condition. And so it is risky to follow such preferences as the patient’s decision makes him/her a threat to himself/herself. An example of this is refusal of treatment. Furthermore, there are some other issues that associated with the absence or expression of patient’s preferences. For instance, except in emergency cases or in cases where the patient can not give consent, it is mandatory for the physician to seek the consent of the patient before any form of test or examination is carried out on them. Another issue that has been of controversial debate is surrogate decision-making. Should this be accepted in the medical practice? We should also consider the issue of advanced directives in medicine? Should patients be allowed to issue advanced directives? Since the goal of medicine is to save and protect lives, how then will we account for a situation where a doctor issues an advance directive at the request of a patient? The question here is which is higher? – The purpose on which the foundation of the profession was based or the preference of the patients? In addition to this, should cultural or religious beliefs overshadow the goal of medicine? The Hippocratic Oath directs doctors/physicians to do whatever is in their power in making sure they save lives and help people in pains. As a doctor, should I not give blood to a dying patient in urgent need of blood because the patient’s religion does not believe in it? If I do this, I will be doing what I have made an oath to do but shouldn’t I consider the right of the patient? Should I not consider the wish of the patient? As a doctor, I am obliged to communicate the truth about medical conditions to the patient but what should I do when I consider that the patient can not in the right frame of mind to take the information? Should I just say what I have to say bluntly or should I be lenient by withholding some weighty aspects of the information? In the case provided, the physician must make a distinction between duty and sentiment or emotions. Although the patient might have made plans that the physician knows about, it is the doctor’s duty to communicate the extent of the condition to the patient. The physician should be able to realize that he/she is bound by duty and must seek to discharge his/her duties rather than appeal to sentiments. To start with, it will be unwise and professionally illegal for the physician to withhold information from the patient because the patient is embarking on a tour around the world. For all I care, the medical safety of the patient is the utmost and should be given the greatest consideration. The question to ask is who is to be blamed if the physician allowed Mr. R.S to travel without telling him the truth about his medical condition and in some way Mr. R.S dies during the trip? Should the physician, because he/she does not want to ruin the â€Å"big† plans made by the couple, decide not to fulfill what duty demands of him/her? Summarily, I think physicians should realize that they are dealing with the lives of people and thus should not allow sentiments in their practice. This is because some reasons are higher than others. Reference: L   Fraenkel, S T Bogardus Jr, and D R Wittink. Risk-attitude and patient treatment preferences Lupus, May  1,  2003 Edwards and G. Elwyn: How Should Effectiveness of Risk Communication to Aid Patients’ Decisions Be Judged? A Review of the Literature, Medical Decision Making, October  1,  1999 Practical ethics for students, interns and residents. A Short Reference Manual. Junkerman C and Schiedermayer D. Second Edition. University Publishing Group, 1998. Drane, J. F. (1985). â€Å"The Many Faces of Competency.† Hasting Center Report: 17-19.

Tajikistan civil war (1992-1997) Research Paper

Tajikistan civil war (1992-1997) - Research Paper Example Ethnic groups: Tajik 80%, Uzbek 15%, Russian and others 5%.Religion (2010 Embassy est.): Sunni Muslim 95%, Shi'a Muslim 3%, other 2%. Language: Tajik (the official state language as of 1994, with follow-up legislation in 2009); Russian is widely used in government and business; 74% of the population lives in rural communities where mostly Tajik is spoken. Education: Literacy (according to the Tajikistan Living Standards Survey for 2007)--97.4%. The Tajik education system has been struggling through a period of decline since independence, however, and some evidence suggests functional literacy is much lower. Health (2010 est.): Life expectancy--62.29 years men; 68.52 years women. Infant mortality rate--41.03 deaths/1,000 live births. Work force (2010): The official work force is 2.1 million. The actual number of working age citizens is closer to 4 million. As many as half of all working age males, and an increasing number of females, seek jobs outside of the country, primarily in Russ ia. The Republic of Tajikistan gained its independence during the breakup of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) on September 9, 1991 and soon fell into a civil war. From 1992 to 1997 internal fighting ensued between old-guard regionally based ruling elites and disenfranchised regions, democratic liberal reformists, and Islamists loosely organized in a United Tajik Opposition (UTO). Other combatants and armed bands that flourished in this civil chaos simply reflected the breakdown of central authority rather than loyalty to a political faction. The height of hostilities occurred between 1992 and 1993. By 1997, the predominantly Kulyabi-led Tajik Government and the UTO had negotiated a power-sharing peace accord and implemented it by 2000. Once guaranteed 30% of government positions, former oppositionists have almost entirely been removed from government as President Rahmon has consolidated power. The last Russian border guards protecting Tajikistan's 1,344 km border w ith Afghanistan completed their withdrawal in July 2005. Russia maintains its military presence in Tajikistan with the basing of the Russian 201st Motorized Rifle Division that never left Tajikistan when it became independent. Most of these Russian-led forces, however, are local Tajik noncommissioned officers and soldiers. Tajikistan's most recent parliamentary elections in 2010 and its 2006 presidential election were considered to be flawed and unfair but peaceful. The parliamentary elections, in which the ruling party secured 55 of the 63 seats, failed to meet many key Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) standards on democratic elections, and some observers saw them as even worse than the flawed 2005 elections. In June 2003, Tajikistan held a flawed referendum to enact a package of constitutional changes, including a provision to allow President Rahmon the possibility of re-election to up to two additional 7-year terms after his term expired in 2006.† Civil War Brief Summary of The Conflict After the civil war in 1992, sporadic fighting continued in remote areas. The road to peace in Tajikistan has been long and tedious. (Tajikistan Civil War), â€Å"The process of national reconciliation in this impoverished Central Asian country was set in motion by a June 1997 UN-mediated settlement between Tajikistan's Moscow-backed government and the

Various aspects about World War II Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Various aspects about World War II - Assignment Example He pretended that the Aryans (Germans) are superior to other people in the world and they have the right to rule the entire world. During Hitler’s period, Jews were the prominent community in the world because of the immense contributions they have given to the world in the form of scientific discoveries and other political and sociological aspects needed for the advancement of human civilization. Hitler’s blind and revenging attitudes towards Jews community have forced him to perceive everything against his views as the contributions of the Jew’s community. Moreover, Hitler believed that communism and democracy were the contributions of the Jew’s community and encouraging this political system will destroy the true values of the people. Many of the prominent scientists and world leaders were of Jewish origin which was not acceptable to Hitler. Hitler thought that the Germany’s lost lands during the previous wars were occupied by Jews and he has sta rted the war against the Jews. â€Å"The Nazis basic intent was to make survival for the Jews more difficult and to create a loss of identity for the Jews. The Nazis occupying the towns asserted that the consequence of dissension was severe punishment or death† (LEBENSRAUM: LIVING SPACE FOR THE GERMAN RACE) Communism and democracy argue for equality rather than domination which were unacceptable to Hitler. In his opinion, communism and democracy were the means of spreading corruption. He has rejected the political systems like judiciary, parliament, and executive like entities and argued that these systems were in place in order to save the corrupted people from punishments. Hitler believed that only through dictatorship, corruption can be eliminated and a country can grow further. In a famous speech Hitler once declared that "We want to liberate Germany from the fetters of an impossible parliamentary democracy — not because we are terrorists, not because we intend to gag the free spirit. On the contrary, the spirit has never made themselves its master" (Brundage) Lebensraum was another major reason for the Nazi expansion into its neighbouring territories and the subsequent WW 2. The meaning of the word ‘Lebensraum’ is living space. Hitler believed that the Germans are living without enough space in Germany even though they were the major race in the world. Adolf Hitler considered Aryans race as the ancestors of Germans and he believed that Aryans are far superior to other races in world. It was not tolerable for him to accept the fact that the Germans/Aryans are living without enough living spaces in Germany. Hitler accused that some of the lands controlled by other countries near the boundaries of Germany actually belong to Germany and he has demanded a territorial revision of lands. He was of the opinion that Germany has lost many of its territories to neighbouring countries in previous wars which needed to be regained. He has gat hered support from the German people to expand German territories using his mesmerising speeches in which he made the German people aware of the shame of living as slaves. The Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919 to end the WW 1 was a shock treatment for to the German pride. This treaty put the entire blame on Germany for causing WW 1 and asked Germany to pay heavy amounts as compensation. Moreover, Germany forced to sacrifice some of its land

Tourism, Leisure and Event Management in the World of Soft Systems Term Paper

Tourism, Leisure and Event Management in the World of Soft Systems - Term Paper Example In the second phase you will work with collaborative group of colleagues to bring together your very different views and perspectives, and will need to enter a research cycle in which you shape and refine your mutual understandings, and select a client and project for investigation, supported and approved by your Tutor. You will undertake a ‘mini’ research project leading to the development of a presentation through which you enable your selected client or stakeholders to understand on their own terms ‘that which is obvious’, keeping in mind that the SSM process is about a process through which the client comes to understand for themselves ‘that which is obviouse’. When the client (or other stakeholders) view the work generated by the project, it should be clear to them ‘what needs to be done’. Whilst there is scope for creativity and imagination, the Overall Aim: To analyse, through Systems thinking, a real Hospitality, Tourism and Event environment, evaluate issues arising from the organization of systems and structures, and appreciate the complexities and interrelatedness of real human situations. This includes the development of appropriate tools and the presentation of findings in a way which recognizes the needs of the client, and through the broad application of systems thinking, and soft systems tools and methods. You should draw on learning from other courses, as appropriate, including MVS and OMTL. Task 1 Requirements: Preliminary Workbook (Individual) Weighting 30% For this first part of this study you will need to prepare the ground for assignment to your project group by conducting your own initial desk research enquiry in tandem with your final semester project. Following Soft Systems Methodology you will analyse your experience using the workbook provided (six diagrams), and including a written evaluation (one A4 sheet, 750 words) of issues relevant to the project based on business, location, an d/or online and social media analysis. The workbook may be competed manually or electronically. The grading for each section will reflect: Depth of insight/development, use of systems concepts and conventions, content Deadline TBC , 3:00 PM Student Name: ___________________________________________________ Student Score: / Student grade: / 10 Part A (40 Marks) 1a) Use a Rich Picture to represent the component parts and dynamics of the situation that you perceive as the basis of your final semester research paper. Your diagram must be appropriately labelled and follow the conventions for systems diagrams (20 Marks) 1b) Use any other formal diagram of your choice to represent the component parts and dynamics of the situation that you perceive as the basis of your final semester research paper. Your diagram must be appropriately labeled) and follow the conventions for systems diagrams (20 Marks) 2a) Complete the following grid for five possible (basic) root definitions for a ‘rele vant system’ from which you might ‘derive learning’ about your research context: (pass/fail) What is to be done by the system (P) By what means or approach the system is to do P (Q) The greater purpose to be achieved by the system (R) 1. Provide employment for local citizens

Apple Incorporation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apple Incorporation - Research Paper Example However, under the leadership of Steve Jobs- its founder and CEO, Apple has now emerged as an organization with strong capability to continuously roll out new and innovative products which are readily acceptable by the market. There are many products under offer by the Apple including Apple IPod, Apple Mac, Apple Mac Book, Apple IPhone and its most recent sensation Apple IPad- a tablet computer. Such diversified range of products therefore indicates that the overall competition of the firm is diverse in nature and it does not compete in just one market but against many players in different markets. What makes Apple a success story is one of the most important questions of how a firm can turnaround itself with such success. This paper will briefly discuss the history of Apple and will introduce summarize the major products of Apple along with a brief discussion on how the firm has been able to achieve such enormous success. Apple started its journey as Apple Computers on 1st April, 1976 with Steve Jobs and Steven Wozniak as two of its owners and employees. What started on a very small scale turned out to be one of the leading ventures of the world? Steven Wozniak before partnering with Steve Jobs worked at HP and had an experience in designing computers whereas Steve Jobs experience was with Atari. It is important to note that Apple manufactured its first computer, Apple-1 in its initial year of operations however; it was not commercialized by the firm till 1977. Apple rolled out its first commercial product with the name of Apple-II during 1977 whereas next brand of computers i.e. Apple III was rolled out in 1980 and Apple was in position to hire other employees to assist the original founders in the management process. What is also important to note that after the successful roll out of its initial brands of computers, Apple started to invest heavily into its research and development efforts. R&D at Apple was the

Analysis of Personal and Organizational Ethics and Values between Essay

Analysis of Personal and Organizational Ethics and Values between For-Profit and Not-for-Profit Organizations - Essay Example Not For Profit Organization: The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Organization Profile The United nations Children’s Fund is a not for profit organization which was established as an initiative of the United nations Organization to provide humanitarian as well as developmental assistance to children and mothers, especially in the developing world. The organization is commonly known by the initials UNICEF, which were derived from the original name of the organization which was The United nations Children’s Emergency Fund. The name was shortened to the United nations Children’s Fund in 1953.The organization had its headquarters in New York, USA and is one of the key members of the United nations Development Group, being part of its executive committee. The organization was created and established in 1946 by the United Nations General Assembly to provide emergency services to children and women in the countries that had been adversely affected by the e ffects of the World War II. Among the emergency services provided included provision of food and healthcare services to the children and their mothers. In 1953, the organization had grown and was made a permanent part of the United Nations System since its services were considered very vital in helping the United Nation meet its objectives. The organization relies heavily on contributions from private donors and governments. About two thirds of the resources of the organization come from member governments, the rest of the resources come from private corporations and individuals. Individual contributors are estimated to be about 6 million people who make their contributions through the national committees in member countries of the UN. The services of the organization are aimed at assisting development at the community level in the developing countries while promoting the well-being and health of children. The organization’s services were recognized internationally when it wa s awarded a Nobel Peace Prize in 1963 and the Prince of Asturias award of Concord most recently in 2006. The mission and vision of the organization revolves around improving the lives of children and women in the developing countries through provision of health care services and development projects in the communities. Ethical Dilemma Like any other not for profit organization, The United Nations Children Fund faces a lot of challenges. Some of the challenges that not for profit organizations face include legal, financial, leadership or ethical problems. Ethical challenges often involve a conflict of interest. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) faces a conflict of interest in financial management. The organization has limited resources while there are many children and women in the developing world who need the services provided by the organization. Despite getting financial backing from governments as well as individuals and corporations including other not for prof it organizations the organization still faces a lot of challenges in reaching out to its target population across the globe. Most of those who need the services of UNICEF are located in rural areas of some of the poorest countries in the world. The organization faces a challenge of reaching out to these individuals in order to help improve their loving standards. With this situation, the organization faces an ethical dilemma of whether to continue with its operations to individuals in some of