Mba Second Semester Curriculum

MBA(EXEECUTIVE/RETAIL) II SEMESTER BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT ASSIGNMENT-I 1 Discuss how does the environment acts as a stimulant to business. Analyse why business often does little for physical environment preservation despite the fact that it is significant for business activity. 2. Analyse the Monetary and Fiscal Policies practiced in India in recent years. How far shall they be effective in curtailing the recent spurt in inflation? 3. How far does Indian corporate discharge its social responsibilities?Illustrate your answer with suitable examples 4. Do you think that the present economic environment is favourable to business? Discuss and give your suggestions. Describe the various components of external environment that influence the business policy of an organization. 5. Explain the industrial policy of Indian government and changes that happened from 1980 till date. Why is year 1991 a watershed year in the economic history of india? ist and explain in detail what changes and reforms have taken place since 1991. ASSIGNMENT-II 6. The Chief Executive of Samsung Electronics recently told its employees that, â€Å"We must begin anew. Most of Samsung’s flagship businesses and products will become obsolete within ten years. † This corporate strategy of reinvention would inevitably involve significant change for employees. Do you think that technology transfer is likely to be the biggest problem for a business that wants to reinvent itself?Justify your answer with reference to Samsung Electronics and/or other organisations that you know. 7. Mr. Subhash, an NRI of your locality seeks advice to invest his money by starting an IT based industry. Give suggestions to him regarding the investment friendly climate in Madhya Pradesh, in the light of new industrial policy of the State Government. 8. How does the change in profile of customers affect your business environment? 9.Elucidate the external environment of business and its components in the context of a c ompany in the retail sector. List some elements of external environment you would want to scan to improve profits of a retailing business you may own in future? 10. How many dimensions of business environment are changing for the banking industry. What measure does the central bank take to control inflation? Explain the impact of this change on business environment. ************

Preference of Patients Essay

In the medical profession, there are some issues that call for ethical appraisal. Although these issues might be provided for under the code of ethics of the medical profession, they have raised several controversial debates that have haunted the ethical foundation of the profession. One of such issues which have been a cause of controversy is the preference of patients. When we talk about the preferences of patients, what we are referring to is the choice of the patient after evaluating the health outcomes which might result from the treatment or refusal of treatment. There are several other issues that relates to this patient centered approach in the medical profession. Over the years, patients have been allowed to make some choices pertaining to the medical care. Generally speaking, some people are of the opinion that due to the availability of more information, some patients are not a novice to the medical practice and so should be allowed to make decisions about their treatment – of course, under the guidance of the physician and with correct understanding of the facts of the treatment. This approach is put in place in place in order to maintain a better, more flexible and less domineering environment. Thus the patient’s preference afeects the decisions about medical care as the doctor can not make some vital decisions. An example of the patient’s preference is the span of treatment, However, some people are of the opinion that due to the complex nature of the medical professions, patients should not be allowed to make decision that pertains to treatment procedures. This is informed by the fact that these patients might be fearful, not in their correct frame of mind and may be looking for a form of treatment that will be less painful to them. It is therefore concluded that the patient’s decision should not be regarded at that point in time as that may not be what they would have chosen if they were in their right frame of mind. This too like the other poses a problem. If we are to rely on this argument, then we are likely going to fall into trouble due to some issues associated with the absence of patient preferences. There is should be patient autonomy and patients have the moral and legal rights to make decisions that concern their health and medical conditions. Thus, no matter how we view it, the issue of patient’s preference raises a problem from both sides. If for instance we say that the patient needs not be consulted in making decisions about treatment, then we are neglecting the legal right and moral rights of the patients. However, it might be true that in some given situations, the preference of the patient poses a threat to the patient’s health condition. And so it is risky to follow such preferences as the patient’s decision makes him/her a threat to himself/herself. An example of this is refusal of treatment. Furthermore, there are some other issues that associated with the absence or expression of patient’s preferences. For instance, except in emergency cases or in cases where the patient can not give consent, it is mandatory for the physician to seek the consent of the patient before any form of test or examination is carried out on them. Another issue that has been of controversial debate is surrogate decision-making. Should this be accepted in the medical practice? We should also consider the issue of advanced directives in medicine? Should patients be allowed to issue advanced directives? Since the goal of medicine is to save and protect lives, how then will we account for a situation where a doctor issues an advance directive at the request of a patient? The question here is which is higher? – The purpose on which the foundation of the profession was based or the preference of the patients? In addition to this, should cultural or religious beliefs overshadow the goal of medicine? The Hippocratic Oath directs doctors/physicians to do whatever is in their power in making sure they save lives and help people in pains. As a doctor, should I not give blood to a dying patient in urgent need of blood because the patient’s religion does not believe in it? If I do this, I will be doing what I have made an oath to do but shouldn’t I consider the right of the patient? Should I not consider the wish of the patient? As a doctor, I am obliged to communicate the truth about medical conditions to the patient but what should I do when I consider that the patient can not in the right frame of mind to take the information? Should I just say what I have to say bluntly or should I be lenient by withholding some weighty aspects of the information? In the case provided, the physician must make a distinction between duty and sentiment or emotions. Although the patient might have made plans that the physician knows about, it is the doctor’s duty to communicate the extent of the condition to the patient. The physician should be able to realize that he/she is bound by duty and must seek to discharge his/her duties rather than appeal to sentiments. To start with, it will be unwise and professionally illegal for the physician to withhold information from the patient because the patient is embarking on a tour around the world. For all I care, the medical safety of the patient is the utmost and should be given the greatest consideration. The question to ask is who is to be blamed if the physician allowed Mr. R.S to travel without telling him the truth about his medical condition and in some way Mr. R.S dies during the trip? Should the physician, because he/she does not want to ruin the â€Å"big† plans made by the couple, decide not to fulfill what duty demands of him/her? Summarily, I think physicians should realize that they are dealing with the lives of people and thus should not allow sentiments in their practice. This is because some reasons are higher than others. Reference: L   Fraenkel, S T Bogardus Jr, and D R Wittink. Risk-attitude and patient treatment preferences Lupus, May  1,  2003 Edwards and G. Elwyn: How Should Effectiveness of Risk Communication to Aid Patients’ Decisions Be Judged? A Review of the Literature, Medical Decision Making, October  1,  1999 Practical ethics for students, interns and residents. A Short Reference Manual. Junkerman C and Schiedermayer D. Second Edition. University Publishing Group, 1998. Drane, J. F. (1985). â€Å"The Many Faces of Competency.† Hasting Center Report: 17-19.

Tajikistan civil war (1992-1997) Research Paper

Tajikistan civil war (1992-1997) - Research Paper Example Ethnic groups: Tajik 80%, Uzbek 15%, Russian and others 5%.Religion (2010 Embassy est.): Sunni Muslim 95%, Shi'a Muslim 3%, other 2%. Language: Tajik (the official state language as of 1994, with follow-up legislation in 2009); Russian is widely used in government and business; 74% of the population lives in rural communities where mostly Tajik is spoken. Education: Literacy (according to the Tajikistan Living Standards Survey for 2007)--97.4%. The Tajik education system has been struggling through a period of decline since independence, however, and some evidence suggests functional literacy is much lower. Health (2010 est.): Life expectancy--62.29 years men; 68.52 years women. Infant mortality rate--41.03 deaths/1,000 live births. Work force (2010): The official work force is 2.1 million. The actual number of working age citizens is closer to 4 million. As many as half of all working age males, and an increasing number of females, seek jobs outside of the country, primarily in Russ ia. The Republic of Tajikistan gained its independence during the breakup of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (U.S.S.R.) on September 9, 1991 and soon fell into a civil war. From 1992 to 1997 internal fighting ensued between old-guard regionally based ruling elites and disenfranchised regions, democratic liberal reformists, and Islamists loosely organized in a United Tajik Opposition (UTO). Other combatants and armed bands that flourished in this civil chaos simply reflected the breakdown of central authority rather than loyalty to a political faction. The height of hostilities occurred between 1992 and 1993. By 1997, the predominantly Kulyabi-led Tajik Government and the UTO had negotiated a power-sharing peace accord and implemented it by 2000. Once guaranteed 30% of government positions, former oppositionists have almost entirely been removed from government as President Rahmon has consolidated power. The last Russian border guards protecting Tajikistan's 1,344 km border w ith Afghanistan completed their withdrawal in July 2005. Russia maintains its military presence in Tajikistan with the basing of the Russian 201st Motorized Rifle Division that never left Tajikistan when it became independent. Most of these Russian-led forces, however, are local Tajik noncommissioned officers and soldiers. Tajikistan's most recent parliamentary elections in 2010 and its 2006 presidential election were considered to be flawed and unfair but peaceful. The parliamentary elections, in which the ruling party secured 55 of the 63 seats, failed to meet many key Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) standards on democratic elections, and some observers saw them as even worse than the flawed 2005 elections. In June 2003, Tajikistan held a flawed referendum to enact a package of constitutional changes, including a provision to allow President Rahmon the possibility of re-election to up to two additional 7-year terms after his term expired in 2006.† Civil War Brief Summary of The Conflict After the civil war in 1992, sporadic fighting continued in remote areas. The road to peace in Tajikistan has been long and tedious. (Tajikistan Civil War), â€Å"The process of national reconciliation in this impoverished Central Asian country was set in motion by a June 1997 UN-mediated settlement between Tajikistan's Moscow-backed government and the

Various aspects about World War II Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Various aspects about World War II - Assignment Example He pretended that the Aryans (Germans) are superior to other people in the world and they have the right to rule the entire world. During Hitler’s period, Jews were the prominent community in the world because of the immense contributions they have given to the world in the form of scientific discoveries and other political and sociological aspects needed for the advancement of human civilization. Hitler’s blind and revenging attitudes towards Jews community have forced him to perceive everything against his views as the contributions of the Jew’s community. Moreover, Hitler believed that communism and democracy were the contributions of the Jew’s community and encouraging this political system will destroy the true values of the people. Many of the prominent scientists and world leaders were of Jewish origin which was not acceptable to Hitler. Hitler thought that the Germany’s lost lands during the previous wars were occupied by Jews and he has sta rted the war against the Jews. â€Å"The Nazis basic intent was to make survival for the Jews more difficult and to create a loss of identity for the Jews. The Nazis occupying the towns asserted that the consequence of dissension was severe punishment or death† (LEBENSRAUM: LIVING SPACE FOR THE GERMAN RACE) Communism and democracy argue for equality rather than domination which were unacceptable to Hitler. In his opinion, communism and democracy were the means of spreading corruption. He has rejected the political systems like judiciary, parliament, and executive like entities and argued that these systems were in place in order to save the corrupted people from punishments. Hitler believed that only through dictatorship, corruption can be eliminated and a country can grow further. In a famous speech Hitler once declared that "We want to liberate Germany from the fetters of an impossible parliamentary democracy — not because we are terrorists, not because we intend to gag the free spirit. On the contrary, the spirit has never made themselves its master" (Brundage) Lebensraum was another major reason for the Nazi expansion into its neighbouring territories and the subsequent WW 2. The meaning of the word ‘Lebensraum’ is living space. Hitler believed that the Germans are living without enough space in Germany even though they were the major race in the world. Adolf Hitler considered Aryans race as the ancestors of Germans and he believed that Aryans are far superior to other races in world. It was not tolerable for him to accept the fact that the Germans/Aryans are living without enough living spaces in Germany. Hitler accused that some of the lands controlled by other countries near the boundaries of Germany actually belong to Germany and he has demanded a territorial revision of lands. He was of the opinion that Germany has lost many of its territories to neighbouring countries in previous wars which needed to be regained. He has gat hered support from the German people to expand German territories using his mesmerising speeches in which he made the German people aware of the shame of living as slaves. The Treaty of Versailles signed in 1919 to end the WW 1 was a shock treatment for to the German pride. This treaty put the entire blame on Germany for causing WW 1 and asked Germany to pay heavy amounts as compensation. Moreover, Germany forced to sacrifice some of its land

Tourism, Leisure and Event Management in the World of Soft Systems Term Paper

Tourism, Leisure and Event Management in the World of Soft Systems - Term Paper Example In the second phase you will work with collaborative group of colleagues to bring together your very different views and perspectives, and will need to enter a research cycle in which you shape and refine your mutual understandings, and select a client and project for investigation, supported and approved by your Tutor. You will undertake a ‘mini’ research project leading to the development of a presentation through which you enable your selected client or stakeholders to understand on their own terms ‘that which is obvious’, keeping in mind that the SSM process is about a process through which the client comes to understand for themselves ‘that which is obviouse’. When the client (or other stakeholders) view the work generated by the project, it should be clear to them ‘what needs to be done’. Whilst there is scope for creativity and imagination, the Overall Aim: To analyse, through Systems thinking, a real Hospitality, Tourism and Event environment, evaluate issues arising from the organization of systems and structures, and appreciate the complexities and interrelatedness of real human situations. This includes the development of appropriate tools and the presentation of findings in a way which recognizes the needs of the client, and through the broad application of systems thinking, and soft systems tools and methods. You should draw on learning from other courses, as appropriate, including MVS and OMTL. Task 1 Requirements: Preliminary Workbook (Individual) Weighting 30% For this first part of this study you will need to prepare the ground for assignment to your project group by conducting your own initial desk research enquiry in tandem with your final semester project. Following Soft Systems Methodology you will analyse your experience using the workbook provided (six diagrams), and including a written evaluation (one A4 sheet, 750 words) of issues relevant to the project based on business, location, an d/or online and social media analysis. The workbook may be competed manually or electronically. The grading for each section will reflect: Depth of insight/development, use of systems concepts and conventions, content Deadline TBC , 3:00 PM Student Name: ___________________________________________________ Student Score: / Student grade: / 10 Part A (40 Marks) 1a) Use a Rich Picture to represent the component parts and dynamics of the situation that you perceive as the basis of your final semester research paper. Your diagram must be appropriately labelled and follow the conventions for systems diagrams (20 Marks) 1b) Use any other formal diagram of your choice to represent the component parts and dynamics of the situation that you perceive as the basis of your final semester research paper. Your diagram must be appropriately labeled) and follow the conventions for systems diagrams (20 Marks) 2a) Complete the following grid for five possible (basic) root definitions for a ‘rele vant system’ from which you might ‘derive learning’ about your research context: (pass/fail) What is to be done by the system (P) By what means or approach the system is to do P (Q) The greater purpose to be achieved by the system (R) 1. Provide employment for local citizens

Apple Incorporation Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apple Incorporation - Research Paper Example However, under the leadership of Steve Jobs- its founder and CEO, Apple has now emerged as an organization with strong capability to continuously roll out new and innovative products which are readily acceptable by the market. There are many products under offer by the Apple including Apple IPod, Apple Mac, Apple Mac Book, Apple IPhone and its most recent sensation Apple IPad- a tablet computer. Such diversified range of products therefore indicates that the overall competition of the firm is diverse in nature and it does not compete in just one market but against many players in different markets. What makes Apple a success story is one of the most important questions of how a firm can turnaround itself with such success. This paper will briefly discuss the history of Apple and will introduce summarize the major products of Apple along with a brief discussion on how the firm has been able to achieve such enormous success. Apple started its journey as Apple Computers on 1st April, 1976 with Steve Jobs and Steven Wozniak as two of its owners and employees. What started on a very small scale turned out to be one of the leading ventures of the world? Steven Wozniak before partnering with Steve Jobs worked at HP and had an experience in designing computers whereas Steve Jobs experience was with Atari. It is important to note that Apple manufactured its first computer, Apple-1 in its initial year of operations however; it was not commercialized by the firm till 1977. Apple rolled out its first commercial product with the name of Apple-II during 1977 whereas next brand of computers i.e. Apple III was rolled out in 1980 and Apple was in position to hire other employees to assist the original founders in the management process. What is also important to note that after the successful roll out of its initial brands of computers, Apple started to invest heavily into its research and development efforts. R&D at Apple was the

Analysis of Personal and Organizational Ethics and Values between Essay

Analysis of Personal and Organizational Ethics and Values between For-Profit and Not-for-Profit Organizations - Essay Example Not For Profit Organization: The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Organization Profile The United nations Children’s Fund is a not for profit organization which was established as an initiative of the United nations Organization to provide humanitarian as well as developmental assistance to children and mothers, especially in the developing world. The organization is commonly known by the initials UNICEF, which were derived from the original name of the organization which was The United nations Children’s Emergency Fund. The name was shortened to the United nations Children’s Fund in 1953.The organization had its headquarters in New York, USA and is one of the key members of the United nations Development Group, being part of its executive committee. The organization was created and established in 1946 by the United Nations General Assembly to provide emergency services to children and women in the countries that had been adversely affected by the e ffects of the World War II. Among the emergency services provided included provision of food and healthcare services to the children and their mothers. In 1953, the organization had grown and was made a permanent part of the United Nations System since its services were considered very vital in helping the United Nation meet its objectives. The organization relies heavily on contributions from private donors and governments. About two thirds of the resources of the organization come from member governments, the rest of the resources come from private corporations and individuals. Individual contributors are estimated to be about 6 million people who make their contributions through the national committees in member countries of the UN. The services of the organization are aimed at assisting development at the community level in the developing countries while promoting the well-being and health of children. The organization’s services were recognized internationally when it wa s awarded a Nobel Peace Prize in 1963 and the Prince of Asturias award of Concord most recently in 2006. The mission and vision of the organization revolves around improving the lives of children and women in the developing countries through provision of health care services and development projects in the communities. Ethical Dilemma Like any other not for profit organization, The United Nations Children Fund faces a lot of challenges. Some of the challenges that not for profit organizations face include legal, financial, leadership or ethical problems. Ethical challenges often involve a conflict of interest. The United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) faces a conflict of interest in financial management. The organization has limited resources while there are many children and women in the developing world who need the services provided by the organization. Despite getting financial backing from governments as well as individuals and corporations including other not for prof it organizations the organization still faces a lot of challenges in reaching out to its target population across the globe. Most of those who need the services of UNICEF are located in rural areas of some of the poorest countries in the world. The organization faces a challenge of reaching out to these individuals in order to help improve their loving standards. With this situation, the organization faces an ethical dilemma of whether to continue with its operations to individuals in some of